Honda’s consolidated net sales and other operating revenue (hereafter “net sales”) for fiscal 2005, ended March 31, 2005, amounted to ¥8,650.1 billion, up 6.0% from the previous fiscal year.
Of this amount, domestic net sales increased by ¥70.7 billion, or 4.3%, to ¥1,699.2 billion, while overseas net sales increased by ¥416.7 billion, or 6.4% to ¥6,950.9 billion.

Operating income amounted to ¥630.9 billion, which was an increase of 5.1% from the previous fiscal year.
This increase was primarily due to positive impacts of increased profit from higher revenue and ongoing cost reduction effects which offset negative impacts of the depreciation of the U.S. dollar and an increase in selling, general and administrative expenses and research and development expenses.

SG&A expenses for fiscal 2005 increased by ¥9.5 billion or 0.6%, to ¥1,513.2 billion, reflecting increased expenses from higher revenue and increased advertisement expenses which offset the positive impact of decreased product warranty-related expenses.
R&D expenses increased by ¥18.7 billion or 4.2%, to ¥467.7 billion.

Income before income taxes and equity in income of affiliates was up 2.3%, to ¥656.8 billion.
Other income & expenses, net decreased by ¥15.8 billion from the previous fiscal year, due mainly to decline in gains on derivative instruments.

Equity in income of affiliates increased by 27.8%, to ¥96.0 billion. This increase was due mainly to boosted gains from affiliates in Asia.

Net income amounted to ¥486.1 billion, an increase of 4.7%. The effective tax rate was 40.6%, an increase by 1.2 percentage points from the previous fiscal year.
Basic net income per common share amounted to ¥520.68, compared with ¥486.91 in fiscal 2004.

The policy of Honda is to support its business activities by maintaining sufficient capital resources, an ample level of liquidity and a sound balance sheet.
Honda’s main business is the manufacture and sale of motorcycles, automobiles and power products. To support this business, it also provides retail financing and automobile leasing services for customers, as well as wholesale financing for dealers.
In its manufacturing and sales business, Honda requires operating capital mainly to purchase parts and materials required for production, as well as to control inventory of finished products and cover receivables from dealers.
Honda also requires funds for capital expenditures, mainly to upgrade, rationalize and renew production facilities, as well as to expand and reinforce research and development and sales facilities.
Honda meets its operating capital requirements mainly through cash generated by operations. Honda funds its financial programs for customers and dealers primarily from corporate bonds, medium-term notes and commercial paper, as well as securitization of finance receivables.

Consolidated cash and cash equivalents at end of year amounted to ¥773.5 billion as of March 31, 2005, up ¥49.1 billion or an increase of 6.8%, from a year earlier.
Year-end cash and cash equivalents of business subsidiaries increased as net income, depreciation and other items sufficiently compensated for purchases of production-related property and equipment, as well as funds required for investments in Asian affiliates. Year-end cash and cash equivalents of finance subsidiaries, however, remained largely unchanged.
Net cash provided by operating activities amounted to ¥746.6 billion. Factors increasing cash flows included ¥486.1 billion in net income, ¥225.7 billion in depreciation and a ¥76.3 billion increase in trade payables related to Japanese and North American operations. By contrast, there was a ¥60.4 billion devaluation loss on derivative instruments and related others, which have no relation to cash flows.
Net cash used in investing activities totaled ¥807.8 billion. This was mainly due to a ¥464.9 billion increase in acquisition of finance subsidiaries’ receivables associated with higher sales of automobiles in North America and elsewhere, as well as ¥373.9 billion in capital expenditures associated with introducing new models, upgrading and renewing production facilities, and reforming the production organization in the automobile and other businesses.
Net cash provided by financing activities was ¥97.4 billion. During the year, Honda raised ¥704.4 billion in long-term debt through the issue of bonds and medium-term notes to meet capital requirements associated with an increase in liabilities of finance subsidiaries, as well as to repay ¥495.1 billion in long-term debt. By contrast, Honda also made ¥84.1 billion in payments for purchase of treasury stock and ¥47.7 billion in cash dividends paid.
The ¥773.5 billion in cash and cash equivalents at end of year corresponds to approximately one month of net sales, and Honda believes it has sufficient liquidity for its business operations. At the same time, Honda is aware of the possibility that various factors, such as recession-induced market contraction and financial and foreign exchange market volatility, may adversely affect liquidity.
For this reason, financial subsidiaries carry total short-term borrowings of ¥1,310.6 billion in the form of commercial paper issued regularly to replace debt. This serves as alternative liquidity for a back-up credit line equivalent to ¥643.6 billion. In addition, Honda currently has ample credit limits, extended by prominent international banks, that are not subject to contracts.
Honda’s short- and long-term debt securities are rated by credit rating agencies, such as Moody’s Investor Service, Inc., and Standard & Poor’s Rating Services. Based on major current ratings, which are shown below, Honda will be able to raise funds even if it requires more capital than its present level of liquidity would allow.
The following table shows the ratings of Honda’s unsecured debt securities by Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s at the date of filing of this annual report.

The above ratings are based on information provided by Honda and other information deemed credible by the rating agencies. They are also based on the agencies’ assessment of credit risk associated with designated securities issued by Honda. Each rating agency uses different standards for calculating Honda’s credit rating, and also makes its own assessments. Ratings can be revised or nullified by agencies at any time. These ratings are not meant to serve as a recommendation for trading in or holding debt.

For the purpose of accelerating the receipt of cash related to our finance receivables, we periodically securitize and sell pools of these receivables. In these securitizations, we sell a portfolio of finance receivables to a special purpose entity, which is established for the limited purpose of buying and reselling finance receivables. We remain as a servicer of the finance receivables and are paid a servicing fee for our services. The special purpose entity transfers the receivables to a trust or bank conduit, which issues interest-bearing asset-backed securities or commercial paper, respectively, to investors. We retain certain subordinated interests in the sold receivables in the form of subordinated certificates, servicing assets and residual interests in certain cash reserves provided as credit enhancements for investors. We apply significant assumptions regarding prepayments, credit losses and average interest rates in estimating expected cash flows from the trust or bank conduit, which affect the recoverability of our retained interests in the sold finance receivables. We periodically evaluate these assumptions and adjust them, if appropriate, to reflect the performance of the finance receivables.

At March 31, 2005, we had guarantees of approximately ¥69.5 billion of bank loans of employees for their housing costs. If an employee defaults on his/her loan payments, we are required to perform under the guarantee. The undiscounted maximum amount of our obligation to make future payments in the event of defaults is approximately ¥69.5 billion. As of March 31, 2005, no amount was accrued for any estimated losses under the obligations, as it was probable that the employees would be able to make all scheduled payments.

The following table shows our contractual obligations at March 31, 2005:

(*) Honda had commitments for purchases of property, plant and equipment at March 31, 2005.

At March 31, 2005, we had no material capital lease obligations or long-term liabilities reflected on our balance sheet under U.S. GAAP other than those set forth in the table above.